Properties of Tungsten:

        Major minerals of tungsten are essentially of two categories. The first is wolframite [(Fe, Mn)WO4], which contains iron and manganese tungstates in all proportions between 20 and 80 percent of each. The second is Scheelite  (CaWO4), which fluoresces a bright bluish color under ultraviolet light.
        After grinding and cleaning, the ores are treated with alkalis to yield tungsten trioxide (WO3). The trioxide is finally reduced with carbon or hydrogen gas to produce the pure metal.

Using carbon as the reducing agent, the reaction is:

 2WO3   +  3C    Arrow_r3.wmf (1148 bytes)     2WO  +  3CO2

(tungsten trioxide  + carbon + heat    Arrow_r3.wmf (1148 bytes)  tungsten metal  + carbon dioxide)

Or using hydrogen gas as the reducing agent:                                                      

WO3   +  3H2  Arrow_r3.wmf (1148 bytes) W  +   3H2O

tungsten trioxide + hydrogen gas + heat  Arrow_r3.wmf (1148 bytes)   tungsten metal + water vapor)

Some Compounds of Tungsten:

Tungsten's principal oxidation state is +6, although there are a few stable compounds having lower oxidation states. Generally, tungsten compounds look like this:

Tungsten hexachloride, WCl6

W6+   +  6Cl- Arrow_r3.wmf (1148 bytes) WCl6

Tungsten trioxide , WO3

  W6+  + 3O2- Arrow_r3.wmf (1148 bytes) WO3 

There is also a tendency to form tungsten oxychlorides, WOCl4 and WO2Cl2:

W 6+  +  O2-    +  4Cl-  Arrow_r3.wmf (1148 bytes)  WOCl4

 W 6+  +  2O2-    +  2Cl-   Arrow_r3.wmf (1148 bytes)  WO2Cl2

One of the lower oxidation states, namely,   +4, occurs in the hard, commercially valuable abrasive, tungsten carbide, WC:

W4+ + C4-   Arrow_r3.wmf (1148 bytes)   WC

  All information from Exploring Chemical Element and their Compounds