General Information of Thallium

Element name: Thallium
Symbol of element: Tl
Atomic mass: 204.3833 amu
Atomic number: 81
Melting point: 576.6 K or 304 °C or 579 °F
Boiling point: 1730 K or 1473 °C or 2683 °F
Density in natural state: @293 K 11.85g/cm³

Where is it found?

Thallium is found in crooksite, lorandite, and hutchinsonite. Although it can be found in crooksite, lorandite, and hutchinsonite, these ores are rare and sparse making finding Thallium complex. Therefore it is usually recovered from the byproducts of lead and zinc ores. Finding Thallium can be very complex. Manganese nodules also contain Thallium, which are found the ocean floor. It is also found from sulfuric acid manufacturing processes.

How is it obtained?

The refining process of Thallium depends on the source of the metal, but most of the time Thallium is recovered by dissolving the mixture in hydrochloric acid to make a precipitate of thallious chloride or thallium chloride. Since this compound is heavy, it can easily be separated from other substances by filtering and drying it.

What is its natural abundance?

Thallium is uncommon in the Earth’s crust. It is estimated that there are 0.7 parts per million.

²⁰³Tl – 29.52%

²⁰⁵Tl – 70.48%

Structure of the atom                

Has 81 protons and electrons.
Has 123 neutrons.
The crystals of Thallium are hexagonal.
 
Electron Configuration of Thallium

1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²3d¹⁰4p⁶5s²4d¹⁰5p⁶6s²4f¹⁴5d¹⁰6s²6p¹