Basic Facts

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Iodine is a Halogen, a group of non-metals, whose properties include:

Being very reactive. In fact, fluorine is the most reactive element.

They form compounds quickly because they are so reactive.

They are not found free in nature.

They form salts when they react with metals.

Basic Facts:

Atomic Number	53
Atomic Weight	126.90447
Melting Point	113.7^oC
Boiling Point	184.3^oC
Density	4.93 g/cm³

Isotope	Half-life	Natural Abundance
I¹⁰⁹	.11 ms	0%
I¹¹⁰	.65 sec	0%
I¹¹¹	2.5 sec	0%
I¹¹²	3.4 sec	0%
I¹¹³	5.9 sec	0%
I¹¹⁴	2.1 sec	0%
I¹¹⁵	1.3 min	0%
I¹¹⁶	2.9 sec	0%
I¹¹⁷	2.22 min	0%
I¹¹⁸	14.0 min	0%
I¹¹⁹	19.0 min	0%
I¹²⁰	3.6 min	0%
I¹²¹	2.12 hrs	0%
I¹²²	3.6 min	0%
I¹²³	13.2 hrs	0%
I¹²⁴	4.2 days	0%
I¹²⁵	60.1 days	0%
I¹²⁶	13.0 days	0%
I¹²⁷	stable	100%
I¹²⁸	25.0 min	0%
I¹²⁹	1.5x10⁷	0%
I¹³⁰	12.4 hrs	0%
I¹³¹	8.0 days	0%
I¹³²	2.3 hrs	0%
I¹³³	20.8 hrs	0%
I¹³⁴	52.6 min	0%
I¹³⁵	6.6 hrs	0%
I¹³⁶	1.4 min	0%
I¹³⁷	24.5 sec	0%
I¹³⁸	6.5 sec	0%
I¹³⁹	2.30 sec	0%
I¹⁴⁰	.86 sec	0%
I¹⁴¹	.45 sec	0%
I¹⁴²	.2 sec	0%

Place	ppb by weight*	ppb by atom*
Universe	1	.01
Meteorite	260	30
Earth's Surface	490	80
Sea Water	60	2.9
Stream	5	.04
Human	200	10

*ppb stands for parts per billion. This means you put the number given in the table over 1 billion, or 10⁹, to find the concentration of iodine in that area. For example, in humans iodine makes up .00002% of us in weight or .000001% of us in atoms.

Important Compounds of Iodine

Potassium Iodide

Sodium Iodide

Silver Iodide

Nitrogen triiodide - a highly explosive compound of iodine. The slighest touch can detonate it. It isn't a very useful explosive devise because of it's instability.
Physical and Chemical Properties
- The least reactive of all the halogens
- It's a solid in it's natural state
- When heated, it sublimes into a gas
- Reacts with Alkali Metals to form salts
- It's a very bright violet when in the gasous state
  Discovery of Iodine
  
  Iodine was discovered by Bernard Courtois in France in 1811. He was washing seaweed ash to isolate sodium and potassium compounds when he accidentally isolated iodine.
  
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Basic Facts

Discovery of IodineIodine was discovered by Bernard Courtois in France in 1811. He was washing seaweed ash to isolate sodium and potassium compounds when he accidentally isolated iodine.

Home

Discovery of Iodine

Iodine was discovered by Bernard Courtois in France in 1811. He was washing seaweed ash to isolate sodium and potassium compounds when he accidentally isolated iodine.