| Atomic Symbol - Bi | Density- 9.8 g/cm3 |
| Atomic weight - 208.98037 | Discovered in 1450 by Basil Valentine |
| Atomic number - 83 | Boiling point- 1560 °C |
| State of matter - solid | Melting point- 271.3 °C |
| Classification- Metalliod | Bismuth on the Mineral Scale- 2.25 |
| Natural Abundance- | Mohs Hardness at 20 °C- 2.5 |
| Crystal Structure- Rhombo | Price- ~$90 per kg |
Bismuth is a metalloid that is generally a greyish white color. When it is heated, the shape will change, and the colors will vary from greens, yellows, blues, pinks, and other colorful metallic shades. The major producers of bismuth in the world are Peru, Japan, Mexico, Bolivia, and Canada, however it is also found in the US. Bismuth can occur native, as well as a byproduct in refining gold, lead, copper, tin, and silver. The most important bismuth ores are bismuthinite (Bi2S3) and bismite (Bi2O3). Bismuth commonly reacts with fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and oxygen, forming these compounds: BiF3, BiF5, BiCl3, BiBr3, BiI2, BiI3, Bi2O3, Bi2O5, and BiH3.
Structurally, bismuth has five valence electrons. It forms ionic bonds to obtain three more electrons and to gain noble gas status. There are 83 protons and 126 neutrons.
Some of the most common bismuth compounds are: Bismuth Citrate, Bismuth Chloride, Bismuth Aluminate, Bismuth Camphocarbonate, Bismuth Hydroxide, Bismuth Iodide, Bismuth Naphthenate, Bismuth Nitrate, Bismuth Oxide, Bismuth Oxychloride, Bismuth Phosphate, Bismuth Subcarbonate, Bismuth Subcitratre colloidal, Bismuth Subgallate, Bismuth Subnitrate, Bismuth Subsalicylate, Bismuth Succinate, Bismuth Tribromophenate, and Bismuth Citrate.
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Crystal Structure of Bismuth (www.webelements.com) |
